Gum disease can affect people of all ages, but the risk tends to increase as we get older. Years of wear and tear, changes in overall health, and certain medications can all make it more difficult to maintain healthy gums. The good news is that gum disease isn’t an inevitable part of aging. By understanding what contributes to it, older adults can take steps to protect their smiles for years to come.
Here are some of the most common causes of gum disease in older adults.
Plaque Buildup Over Time
The leading cause of gum disease is plaque, a sticky film of bacteria that forms on the teeth every day. If plaque isn’t removed through regular brushing and flossing, it hardens into tartar, which can only be removed during a professional dental cleaning.
Over time, plaque and tartar irritate the gums, causing inflammation known as gingivitis. Without treatment, gingivitis can progress to periodontitis, a more advanced form of gum disease that damages the bone and tissues supporting the teeth.
Dry Mouth
Many older adults experience dry mouth, often as a side effect of prescription medications or certain medical conditions. Saliva plays an important role in washing away food particles and neutralizing harmful acids in the mouth.
When saliva production decreases, bacteria can multiply more easily, increasing the risk of cavities and gum disease. Drinking plenty of water, chewing sugar-free gum, and discussing treatment options with your dentist can help manage dry mouth and protect your oral health.
Chronic Health Conditions
Certain health conditions become more common with age and can increase the likelihood of developing gum disease. For example, diabetes can make it more difficult for the body to fight infections, including those affecting the gums. In turn, untreated gum disease can make blood sugar levels harder to control.
Conditions that affect the immune system or require medications that influence oral health may also contribute to gum problems. That’s why it’s important to keep your dentist informed about any changes in your medical history or medications.
Changes in Oral Hygiene Habits
Arthritis, reduced hand strength, or limited mobility can make brushing and flossing more challenging. As a result, plaque may accumulate more easily, increasing the risk of gum disease.
If traditional oral hygiene tools become difficult to use, your dentist may recommend alternatives such as electric toothbrushes, floss holders, or water flossers to make daily care easier and more effective.
Although older adults may face additional risk factors for gum disease, growing older doesn’t mean losing your oral health. Brushing twice a day, flossing daily, eating a balanced diet, avoiding tobacco products, and visiting your dentist regularly for exams and cleanings are the best ways to keep your gums healthy.
About the Practice
Have you noticed signs of gum disease? Blood in the sink when you brush your teeth or inflamed gums? If so, you could benefit from gum disease therapy here at Columbus Dental Arts in Columbus, NJ. Our caring, gentle dental team takes a conservative approach to treatment and offers gum screenings at every checkup to see what kind of shape you’re in. We provide procedures like scaling and root planing and antibiotic therapy to heal your gums. If you could use some help with your smile’s foundation, book an appointment online or call (609) 324-9500.